Fire doors
Fire Doors and Fire Shutters
Fire doors or shutters are devices that serve to prevent the spread of fire and smoke between different parts of a building. They consist of a solid frame and a movable curtain, which is made of non-combustible material such as steel, aluminum, or fiberglass. Fire doors or shutters can be operated either manually or automatically using fire or smoke detectors, buttons, or timers. In addition, they must meet strict standards and requirements for resistance to fire, smoke, and temperature. These devices are an important part of a building’s fire protection system and are designed to increase the safety of people and property in the event of a fire.
Fire doors are special types of closures designed to prevent the spread of fire and smoke between different parts of a building. Fire doors must meet certain standards and requirements, which depend on their location, size, and function.
Fire doors usually consist of the following parts:
- Leaf – this is the solid panel that forms the main part of the door. The leaf must be made of non-combustible material such as steel, wood, or gypsum board. The leaf must also be thick and strong enough to withstand high temperatures and the pressure of fire.
- Frame – this is the structure that surrounds the leaf and secures it to the wall. The frame must also be made of non-combustible material and must have sufficient strength and stability. The frame must also be fitted with a seal to prevent smoke and air from passing between the leaf and the wall.
- Hinges – these are metal components that connect the leaf to the frame and allow the door to open and close. The hinges must be resistant to high temperatures and must ensure the correct position of the leaf within the frame. The hinges must also be equipped with a self-closing mechanism that ensures the door closes automatically in the event of a fire.
- Hardware – these are additional accessories used to operate and lock the door. Hardware may include handles, locks, pulls, levers, or other elements. The hardware must also be resistant to high temperatures and must allow easy opening of the door in an emergency.
Types of fire closures:
- Fire shutters (closure made of non-combustible fabric)
- Fire rolling doors (made of solid slats)
- Fire sliding gravity doors
- Fire sectional doors
- Fire vertical-lifting doors
- Fire double-leaf steel doors
Fire Curtains (Closure Made of Non-Combustible Fabric)
A fire curtain closure is a system that separates individual fire compartments within a hall. It is designed from non-combustible fabric and, in the event of a fire, prevents its spread. The closure is controlled by a control unit, which is connected to the fire alarm system (EPS), or to individual sensors and heat/smoke detectors.
Our certified suppliers perform operational capability inspections of fire closures. During the year, 1–4 preventive inspections must be carried out, depending on the quantity and load of the products. Everything is in accordance with Decree 246/2001 Coll., as amended, and in accordance with the amendment to the above-mentioned Decree No. 221/2014 Coll.
Advantages of the fire curtain closure:
- Quality and functionality certified by the supplier’s CE certificate
- High fire resistance
- Space-saving, simple construction
- Possibility of installation into hall envelopes
- Economical solution for fire protection requirements of halls
- Can be installed both outdoors and indoors, depending on the space
- Various colors according to the RAL color chart upon customer request
- Our suppliers perform paid operational capability inspections of fire closures
Fire-Rated Rolling Doors
Fire-rated doors are used to prevent the spread of fire and smoke between different parts of a building. They are made of steel slats connected by joints and housed in a casing above the opening. In the event of a fire, the shutters are lowered by gravity or by an electric drive to close the opening. Fire-rated shutters must meet strict standards for resistance to fire, temperature, and pressure. Fire-rated shutters are used especially in industrial and commercial buildings, where it is necessary to protect important equipment or supplies from fire. For example, they can separate a warehouse from a production hall, offices from corridors, or garages from apartments.
Our certified suppliers carry out operational inspections of fire closures. During the year, 1–4 preventive inspections must be carried out, depending on the quantity and load of the products. Everything is in accordance with Decree 246/2001 Coll., as amended, and in accordance with the amendment to the above-mentioned Decree No. 221/2014 Coll.
Advantages of fire-rated rolling doors:
- high fire resistance EW and EI,
- minimal space requirements,
- possibility to use the entire door opening for passage,
- high cycle durability,
- our suppliers carry out paid operational inspections of fire closures.
Sliding Gravity Fire Doors
Sliding gravity fire doors are a special type of fire protection designed to automatically close in the event of a fire, preventing the spread of fire, smoke, and heat between different parts of a building or area. These doors are capable of closing an opening solely by the force of gravity and do not require electrical or mechanical systems.
Advantages of Sliding Fire Doors
- High fire resistance EW and EI,
- Possibility to add integrated doors,
- Suitable for use in both dry and relatively humid environments,
- Possibility to use the entire door opening for passage,
- Operate by gravity even in the event of a power outage,
- Possibility of automatic operation and connection to the fire alarm system (EPS) or independent sensors,
- Our suppliers carry out paid inspections of the operational capability of fire closures.
Here are some characteristics of these fire doors:
- Function,
- Materials and sealing,
- Installation and safety,
- Use and control
Function
Gravity fire doors are designed to remain open under normal circumstances and allow free passage between different areas of the building. In the event of a fire, the exchange of heat and air causes the fire temperature to rise. Gravity fire doors prevent air flow and eliminate the spread of fire to other areas in the hall. The doors are equipped with a temperature sensor, and once a certain temperature is exceeded, the magnet holding the door open is deactivated, and the door closes naturally by the force of gravity.
Materials and Sealing
Gravity fire doors are usually made of non-combustible, durable materials that can effectively respond to changes in temperature and gravitational force. It is important that these doors have effective sealing to minimize the leakage of fire, smoke, and heat between separated areas. The sealing ensures that the fire does not spread to other locations.
Installation and Safety
The installation of gravity fire doors requires a precise assembly process to ensure proper functionality and safety. It is important to ensure that the doors respond correctly to gravitational forces and temperature changes. Gravity fire doors have a safety feature that allows them to close in the event of a fire. This helps prevent the spread of fire and minimizes the risk of damage.
Use and Control
These doors are often used in industrial, commercial, and residential buildings or halls where there is a need to separate different parts of the building in the event of a fire and protect lives and property. Gravity fire doors usually return to the closed position after the temperature drops and the gravitational force is no longer as strong. This allows for repeated use of the fire doors. Some models of gravity fire doors may have the option of manual control, for example, in case it is necessary to close the doors outside of a fire situation.
Gravity fire doors are part of the fire protection of prefabricated halls and are intended to minimize damage caused by fire. It is important that installation and maintenance are carried out professionally and in accordance with fire regulations.